Recent Preventable Problems (Prostko)

Here are a few pictures of recent weed science related problems.  Both could have been avoided by reading and following the label. Label recommendations are NOT suggestions.

1) Problem: Reflex 2SL (fomesafen) applied to snapbean in the fall (2024) with field corn planted this spring (2025).  What does label the label say? Crop rotation restriction for field corn after Reflex is 10 months.

2) Problem: Clarifier 4SL (dicamba) @ 8 oz/A applied 3 days before planting soybeans not tolerant to dicamba.  What does the label say?  Following applications of Clarifier and a minimum accumulation of 1" rainfall or overhead irrigation, a waiting interval of 14 days is required for 8 fluid ounces per acre or less, and 28 days for 16 fluid ounces per acre.

Home-Made Halex GT/Cobra and Soybeans (Prostko)

 A couple of things for you to chew on based upon recent questions that I have been getting from growers, consultants, and county agents:

1) Can I make my own Halex GT to save money?

First, let me remind you that Halex GT is a postemergence field corn herbicide from Syngenta that many Georgia growers use.  Halex GT is a pre-mixture of the following active ingredients: mesotrione + glyphosate + s-metolachlor.   In 2025, many growers have figured out that they can make their own version of Halex GT for much less money ($$) using generic formulations of these same active ingredients. However, the big issue is that the s-metolachlor in the Halex GT is not exactly the same formulation as in the generic products.  Thus, there could be some problems with increased corn injury and perhaps even physical compatibility with a home-made mix. In fact, it clearly states on the labels of mesotrione (if you look for it) that there can be some enhanced crop injury when mixing mesotrione with other emulsifiable concentrate (EC) herbicide formulations such as Dual Magnum (s-metolachlor) or Outlook (dimethenamid-P).  I have talked to just a few folks who have made their own Halex GT without any major issues except where overlapping occurred.  However, since I have no personal research to support this practice, I am not recommending growers make home-made Halex GT at this time.  I am in the process of conducting a field trial this summer to address this research issue and reserve the right to change my position in 2026.  Here is a quick summary of what I just discussed:

 

2) Do early postemergence applications of Cobra (lactofen) in soybeans increase yield?

The short answers is HELL NO!  This is a myth that has been permeating around the high-yield grower community for years. There have been several replicated field studies to show there is absolutely no evidence to support this claim.  Please check out this recent white paper (December 2024) from the Mississippi Soybean Promotion Board to access the data summary:

https://mssoy.org/sites/default/files/2024-12/LACTOFEN%20YIELD%20WHITE%20PAPER%20DEC%202024.pdf

3) On a personal note, I am currently dealing with some difficult issues with my aging parents who are both 88 years old.  If you try to reach me and I do not respond in my typical prompt fashion, please also send me a text and I will respond as soon as possible.  Over the last few days, I have had to spend some time in the hospital with my parents but have continued to answer any and all questions that I received via text.  If I can respond to your phone call I will.  If not, assume I am spraying plots (6 am to 9 am) or I am assisting my parents, especially over the next week.  If you have a Charlie Foxtrot situation (youngsters please look this term up), I will prioritize your needs and I am always more than glad to troubleshoot in-person.  Do not hesitate to reach out to me, I will respond!! (229-392-1034).    

Burndown Bummers (Prostko)

Over the last several days, I have received numerous inquiries about the reduced performance of preplant burndown herbicide applications.  Several factors can help contribute to reduced performance of burndown herbicides including application rate (too low?), weed size (too big?), environmental conditions (too cold?), small grain cover crop stage of growth (generally more susceptible prior to boot and after heading), droplet size (too big?), and time (too soon after application?).  

For today, let's just focus on air temperatures.  I like to use a cold temperature threshold of <50 F as a benchmark for when herbicides start to not work like they should,  If you check out Table 1, there have been many days this month below that temperature threshold.  On average, 73% of the days in March at these Georgia locations had low temperatures below 50 F.  In my opinion, this may be one of the main factors that has influenced the performance of some burndown herbicides.  Good news is that the low temperatures forecasted for next week will be above 60 F so that should help improve burndown efficacy.  Although I usually am not a huge fan of using AMS with glyphosate, unless hard water has recently been confirmed with a lab test, I think AMS might help improve glyphosate performance when air temperatures dip below 50 F.  

Beware of Google/AI Answers (Prostko)

Just got an interesting phone call from an established crop consultant. He asked me about the use rate for Sonalan (ethalfluralin) in field corn.  I replied to him that as far as I know, after working in field corn since 1987, that Sonalan was never or is not now labeled for field corn and I that I would never recommend it, especially PPI or PRE.  Remember, Sonalan is a grass herbicide for use in broadleaf crops.  I then asked him where he got his information.  His reply was that I "Googled" it.  If you Google Sonalan and field corn, here is what shows up:

What would I expect if Sonalan was used in field corn?  Stunting, stubby roots, poor stands, excessive lodging, replanting to a labeled broadleaf crop (i.e. soybean or peanut).  A picture of "yellow" herbicide injury on field corn (Source: S. Berger, IFAS).

This is not the first time I have seen an error with a Google/AI search.  Bottom line, growers/consultants/county agents should not be getting weed control recommendations from Google/AI. 

Enlist® Field Corn Weed Control System (Prostko)

Many Georgia growers are very familiar with the Enlist® (i.e. 2,4-D choline) weed control systems for soybean and cotton.  However, I have not talked very much about the Enlist® weed control system for field corn.  This was primarily due to the fact that there was not a good Enlist® corn hybrid adapted for the SE. I recently learned that Pioneer now has one (P13777PWUE).  Check out this 2024 yield data from Pioneer: 

Consequently, some Georgia growers might now be more interested in trying the Enlist® field corn weed control system (on a limited basis).   A few thoughts about this system:

1) I have not conducted very many weed control trials with the Enlist® system.  My weed science research colleague in Athens (Dr. Nick Basinger) has.  Between his work and mine, it looks like a pretty good weed control system.  I will be conducting additional trials this year.  Check out the following picture from a field trial I conducted in 2018: 

2) Enlist® field corn hybrids are tolerant to 4 different herbicides including 2,4-D choline, Roundup® (glyphosate), Liberty® (glufosinate), and Assure® II (quizalofop).

3) P13777PWUE has the following characteristics:   

4) Because of the previous lack of adapted field corn hybrids, I do not have any specific information listed in the 2025 UGA Pest Control Handbook.  But, I will update for 2026.

5) For more general information about the Enlist® field corn weed control system, check out the following Corteva™ publication:

https://www.corteva.us/content/dam/dpagco/corteva/na/us/en/files/trait-stewardship/product-use-guides/DOC-2025-US-PUG-Corn.pdf

6) Enlist® One Label:

https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/agrian-cg-fs1-production/pdfs/Enlist_One_Label1gu.pdf

7) Enlist Duo® Label:

https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/agrian-cg-fs1-production/pdfs/Enlist_Duo_Label1gu.pdf

8) Assure® II Label (pages 10, 14-15 for Enlist® information)

https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/agrian-cg-fs1-production/pdfs/Assure_II_Label1j.pdf

9) As always, please feel free to reach out to me if you have any questions.

Weed Control in Conventional Corn (Prostko)

Yesterday while attending the Georgia Peanut Commission Research Update, I had the pleasure of sitting next to Tift Co. Extension Agent, Justin Hand.  He mentioned to to me that several of his growers are interested in weed control programs for conventional field corn.  I suspect that many of you might also be interested in this topic so here are a few thoughts:

1) Conventional field corn hybrids are available from several companies.  Here are a few:

Dekalb: DKC59-80, DKC111-30, DKC63-58, DKC66-02, DKC68-37

https://www.cropscience.bayer.us/corn/dekalb/seed-catalog

Dyna-Gro: D57CC51

https://dynagroseed.com/seed-finder/corn?cropsId=dynagroseed:crops/corn

Pioneer: P1197, P1870, P1608, P17677 all have conventional versions but supply might be limited

https://www.pioneer.com/us/product-catalog/crop-corn.html

Please contact our new Extension Grains Agronomist, Dr. Nick J. Shay (Nicholas.Shay@uga.edu) for more information about field corn hybrids. 

2) Here is a slide from my 2025 county presentation about weed control in conventional field corn. Growers need to double-check labels since some herbicide tank-mixes are prohibited (i.e. Callisto and Dual Magnum or Outlook).  Also, growers need to confirm the tolerance of any field corn hybrid to the WSSA/HRAC Group 2, Group 15, and Group 27 herbicides. If Counter is used in-furrow for soil insects/nematodes, Callisto, Revulin Q, and Steadfast Q cannot be applied POST. 

3) Here are some field pictures of these herbicide programs from my 2023 and 2024 research plots. This research was partially supported by the Georgia Corn Commission.

4) Feel free to contact me at any time via phone/text (229-392-1034), e-mail (eprostko@uga.edu), carrier pigeon, or smoke signal. I am available to you 365/24/7!

National Pesticide Safety Education Month (Prostko)

February 2025 is the 8th Annual National Pesticide Safety Education Month (NPSEM).  The NPSEM web-page has lots of good information about basic pesticide safety principles, storage, drift, wildlife protection, etc.  Check out the following web-page for more information:  

https://pesticidestewardship.org/national-pesticide-safety-education-month/